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The most common accidentals are the flat (♭) and the sharp (♯), which represent alterations of a semitone, and the natural (♮), which cancels a sharp or flat. Accidentals alter the pitch of individual scale tones in a given key signature; the sharps or flats in the key signature itself are not considered accidentals.
There can be up to seven flats in a key signature, applied as: B ♭ E ♭ A ♭ D ♭ G ♭ C ♭ F ♭ [9] [10] The major scale with one flat is F major. In all major scales with flat key signatures, the tonic in a major key is a perfect fourth below the last flat.
E major is a major scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, F ♯, G ♯, A, B, C ♯, and D ♯. Its key signature has four sharps. Its relative minor is C-sharp minor and its parallel minor is E minor. Its enharmonic equivalent, F-flat major, has six flats and the double-flat B, which makes that key less convenient to use. The E major ...
E minor (v) F major (VI) G major (VII) Another view of closely related keys is that there are six closely related keys, based on the tonic and the remaining triads of the diatonic scale, excluding the dissonant diminished triads. [7] Four of the six differ by one accidental, one has the same key signature, and one uses the parallel modal form.
Per Wikipedia:Manual of Style (music)#Accidentals, this template (or the terms for the accidentals) should be used in preference to the lowercase letter "b" and the number sign (#). The images used here are categorized at commons:Category:Template:Music , so if you change an image used please try to remember to update the categorization.
In the key of C, C/E (C major first inversion, with E bass) is written as 1/3; G/B is written as 5/7; Am/G (an inversion of Am7) is written as 6m/5; F/G (F major with G bass) is 4/5. Just as with simple chords, the numbers refer to scale degrees; specifically, the scale degree number used for the bass note is that of the note's position in the ...
The seventh scale degree is very often raised a half step to form a leading tone, making the dominant chord (V) a major chord (i.e. V major instead of v minor) and the subtonic chord (vii), a diminished chord (vii o, instead of ♭ VII). This version of minor scale is called the harmonic minor scale.
The pitches used in a V/ii in this example include the notes A, C# and E (creating an A major chord). In the key of D minor, an A major chord is the dominant chord. In the key of C major, C sharp is an accidental. One can often find examples of tonicization by looking for accidentals, as there are always accidentals involved in tonicization.