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Depending on the content, visual hallucinations can be classified as either simple or complex. [1] Simple visual hallucinations are commonly characterized by shapes, photopsias, and grid-like patterns. [6] Complex visual hallucinations consist of highly detailed representations of people and objects. [6]
Studies show that visual hallucinations are present in 16%–72% of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. [5] [22] [16] [14] In delirium, visual hallucinations have been observed in 27% of patients. [14] [13] Furthermore, visual hallucinations are reported in over 20% of individuals with dementia with Lewy bodies. [14] [23]
Anton syndrome, also known as Anton-Babinski syndrome and visual anosognosia, is a rare symptom of brain damage occurring in the occipital lobe. Those who have it are cortically blind , but affirm, often quite adamantly and in the face of clear evidence of their blindness , that they are capable of seeing.
The hallucinations are normally colorful, vivid images that occur during wakefulness, predominantly at night. [3] Lilliputian hallucinations (also called Alice in Wonderland syndrome), hallucinations in which people or animals appear smaller than they would be in real life, are common in cases of peduncular hallucinosis. [1]
A hallucination is a perception in the absence of an external stimulus that has the compelling sense of reality. [6] They are distinguishable from several related phenomena, such as dreaming (), which does not involve wakefulness; pseudohallucination, which does not mimic real perception, and is accurately perceived as unreal; illusion, which involves distorted or misinterpreted real ...
Panayiotopoulos, C P. Elementary visual hallucinations in migraine and epilepsy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1994;57:1371-1374. Weller, Michael and Peter Wiedemann. Visual Hallucinations: An outline of etiological and pathogenetic concepts. International Ophthalmology 13:193-199,1989.
Articles relating to hallucinations, perceptions in the absence of an external stimulus that have the qualities of real perceptions. Hallucinations are vivid, substantial, and are perceived to be located in external objective space. Hallucinations are a combination of 2 conscious states of brain wakefulness and REM sleep.
Hallucinatory palinopsia refers to the projection of an already-encoded visual memory and is similar to a complex visual hallucination: the creation of a formed visual image where none exists. Hallucinatory palinopsia usually arises from posterior cortical lesions or seizures and can be the presenting symptom of a serious neurological disease.