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Because Base64 is a six-bit encoding, and because the decoded values are divided into 8-bit octets, every four characters of Base64-encoded text (4 sextets = 4 × 6 = 24 bits) represents three octets of unencoded text or data (3 octets = 3 × 8 = 24 bits). This means that when the length of the unencoded input is not a multiple of three, the ...
UTF-8-encoded, preceded by varint-encoded integer length of string in bytes Repeated value with the same tag or, for varint-encoded integers only, values packed contiguously and prefixed by tag and total byte length — Smile \x21
A binary-to-text encoding is encoding of data in plain text. More precisely, it is an encoding of binary data in a sequence of printable characters . These encodings are necessary for transmission of data when the communication channel does not allow binary data (such as email or NNTP ) or is not 8-bit clean .
RFC 8746 defines tags 64–87 to encode homogeneous arrays of fixed-size integer or floating-point values as byte strings. The tag 55799 is allocated to mean "CBOR data follows". This is a semantic no-op , but allows the corresponding tag bytes d9 d9 f7 to be prepended to a CBOR file without affecting its meaning.
MessagePack is more compact than JSON, but imposes limitations on array and integer sizes.On the other hand, it allows binary data and non-UTF-8 encoded strings. In JSON, map keys have to be strings, but in MessagePack there is no such limitation and any type can be a map key, including types like maps and arrays, and, like YAML, numbers.
<length character> is a character indicating the number of data bytes which have been encoded on that line. This is an ASCII character determined by adding 32 to the actual byte count, with the sole exception of a grave accent "`" (ASCII code 96) signifying zero bytes. All data lines, except the last (if the data length was not divisible by 45 ...
Base64 encoded data NSArray: CFArray <array> ... Marker byte Encoded data nil: nil: ... The Python programming language has a builtin plistlib module to read and ...
Unlike Protocol Buffers, which uses variable length integers, FlatBuffers encodes integers in their native size, which favors performance but leads to longer encoded representations. FlatBuffers can be used in software written in C++, C#, C, Go, Java, JavaScript, Kotlin, Lobster, Lua, PHP, Python, Rust, Swift, and TypeScript.