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The concept of selectivity is used to quantify the extent to which one chemical substance, A, binds each of two other chemical substances, B and C. The simplest case is where the complexes formed have 1:1 stoichiometry. Then, the two interactions may be characterized by equilibrium constants K AB and K AC.
To ensure that the drug taker who has poor absorption is dosed appropriately, the bottom value of the deviation range is employed to represent real bioavailability and to calculate the drug dose needed for the drug taker to achieve systemic concentrations similar to the intravenous formulation. [4]
Since 2019, National Centralized Volume-Based Procurement uses "passes generic-consistency evalulation" as one of the bidding criteria. [7] The Chinese definition of "bioequivalence" entails having the test drug's geometric mean C max, AUC (0–t), and AUC (0–∞) fall into 80%–125% of the reference drug in both fasting and fed states. The ...
In contrast to this article's previous definition of the Hill equation, the IUPHAR defines the Hill equation in terms of the tissue response (), as [1] = [] + [] = + ([]) where [] is the drug concentration, is the Hill coefficient, and is the drug concentration that produces a 50% maximal response.
A V D greater than the total volume of body water (approximately 42 liters in humans [5]) is possible, and would indicate that the drug is highly distributed into tissue. In other words, the volume of distribution is smaller in the drug staying in the plasma than that of a drug that is widely distributed in tissues. [6]
Based on one definition, a drug-like molecule has a logarithm of partition coefficient (log P) between −0.4 and 5.6, molecular weight 160–480 g/mol, molar refractivity of 40–130, which is related to the volume and molecular weight of the molecule and has 20–70 atoms.
The AUC (from zero to infinity) represents the total drug exposure across time. AUC is a useful metric when trying to determine whether two formulations of the same dose (for example a capsule and a tablet) result in equal amounts of tissue or plasma exposure. Another use is in the therapeutic drug monitoring of drugs with a narrow therapeutic ...
Empirical models based on nonlinear regression are usually preferred over the use of some transformation of the data that linearizes the dose-response relationship. [6] Typical experimental design for measuring dose-response relationships are organ bath preparations, ligand binding assays, functional assays, and clinical drug trials.