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Dichloromethane is widely used as a solvent in part because it is relatively inert. It does participate in reactions with certain strong nucleophiles however. Tert-butyllithium deprotonates DCM: [20] H 2 CCl 2 + RLi → HCCl 2 Li + RH. Methyllithium reacts with methylene chloride to give chlorocarbene: [citation needed]
The most important is dichloromethane, which is mainly used as a solvent. Chloromethane is a precursor to chlorosilanes and silicones. Historically significant (as an anaesthetic), but smaller in scale is chloroform, mainly a precursor to chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF 2) and tetrafluoroethene which is used in the manufacture of Teflon. [2]
Chlorinated brake cleaners (often sold as non-flammable) [2] use organochlorides like tetrachloroethylene and dichloromethane. [3] [4] Historically 1,1,1-Trichloroethane was used, sometimes together with Tetrachloroethylene. It was phased out because of its ozone-depleting nature. [5]
Typically, one of the phases will be aqueous, and the other a lipophilic organic solvent such as ether, MTBE, dichloromethane, chloroform, or ethyl acetate. All of these solvents form a clear delineation between the two liquids. [ 2 ]
Various methods can be used for decaffeination of coffee. These methods take place prior to roasting and may use organic solvents such as dichloromethane or ethyl acetate, supercritical CO 2, or water to extract caffeine from the beans, while leaving flavour precursors in as close to their original state as possible.
Chloroform, [10] or trichloromethane (often abbreviated as TCM), is an organochloride with the formula C H Cl 3 and a common solvent.It is a volatile, colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid produced on a large scale as a precursor to refrigerants and PTFE. [11]
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Deuterated dichloromethane (CD 2 Cl 2 or C 2 H 2 Cl 2) [a] is a form (isotopologue) of dichloromethane (DCM, CH 2 Cl 2) in which the hydrogen atoms (H) are deuterium (heavy hydrogen) (2 H or D). [2] Deuterated DCM is not a common solvent used in NMR spectroscopy as it is expensive compared to deuterated chloroform .