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Rapid palatal expansion (RPE) or Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) is an expansion technique where expansion of 0.5 mm to 1 mm is achieved each day until the posterior crossbite is relieved. The expander works by turning a key inside the center of the expander. The turn of this key will push the arms of the expander.
Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE), also known as surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME), [1] is a technique in the field of orthodontics which is used to expand the maxillary arch. This technique is a combination of both Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Orthodontics.
A study published by Martina et al. [10] stated that rapid maxillary expansion is not more effective than slow maxillary expansion in expanding the maxilla in patients with posterior crossbite. It is important to keep in mind that different studies use different rapid and slow expansion devices and thus comparability between studies is difficult.
Orthodontic treatment to expand the volume of the nasal airway, such as nonsurgical Rapid Palatal expansion is common in children. [ 21 ] [ 17 ] Due to the ossification of the median palatine suture, traditional tooth-born expanders cannot achieve maxillary expansion in adults as the mechanical forces instead tip the teeth and dental alveoli.
Emerson Colon Angell (1822–1903) was an American dentist who is known as the father of the rapid maxillary expansion. [1] He published a paper in Dental Cosmos in 1860 in which he described this technique. [2] [3]
Upper and Lower Jaw Functional Expanders. There is a totally different orthodontics approach without extraction and pain, is called functional orthodontics, the functional orthodontic technology is different and called functional appliance, that is an appliance that produces all or part of its effect by altering the position of the mandible/maxilla.
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However, many other studies have showed that TPA cannot provide absolute anchorage to prevent mesial movement of the posterior molars. Baccetti et al. (2011) showed that the TPA could be used in the absence of Rapid Maxillary Expander. In these cases, the patients have palatally displaced canine teeth which do not require expansion. [3]