Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
DNA damage can be recognized by enzymes, and thus can be correctly repaired using the complementary undamaged strand in DNA as a template or an undamaged sequence in a homologous chromosome if it is available for copying. If a cell retains DNA damage, transcription of a gene can be prevented and thus translation into a protein will also be blocked.
CpG is shorthand for 5'—C—phosphate—G—3' , that is, cytosine and guanine separated by only one phosphate group; phosphate links any two nucleosides together in DNA. . The CpG notation is used to distinguish this single-stranded linear sequence from the CG base-pairing of cytosine and guanine for double-stranded sequenc
Haplogroup J is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade derives from the haplogroup JT , which also gave rise to haplogroup T . Within the field of medical genetics , certain polymorphisms specific to haplogroup J have been associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy .
The term plasmid was coined in 1952 by the American molecular biologist Joshua Lederberg to refer to "any extrachromosomal hereditary determinant." [11] [12] The term's early usage included any bacterial genetic material that exists extrachromosomally for at least part of its replication cycle, but because that description includes bacterial viruses, the notion of plasmid was refined over time ...
DNMT1 is the proposed maintenance methyltransferase that is responsible for copying DNA methylation patterns to the daughter strands during DNA replication. Mouse models with both copies of DNMT1 deleted are embryonic lethal at approximately day 9, due to the requirement of DNMT1 activity for development in mammalian cells.
[124] [125] One possible solution is to add a functional tumor suppressor gene to the DNA to be integrated. This may be problematic since the longer the DNA is, the harder it is to integrate into cell genomes. [126] CRISPR technology allows researchers to make much more precise genome changes at exact locations. [127]
The genes in bacterial genomes are usually a single continuous stretch of DNA. Although several different types of introns do exist in bacteria, these are much rarer than in eukaryotes. [133] Bacteria, as asexual organisms, inherit an identical copy of the parent's genome and are clonal.
Haplogroup E-P2 (E1b1) is the most frequent variant of E-M96 and the most common Y-DNA lineage in Africa with two main descendants: E-V38 (E1b1a) and E-M215 (E1b1b). Haplogroup E (xE3b,E3a) - that is, E tested negative for both M35 and M2, has been reported in 11 males from Morocco in Zalloua et al. (2008b).