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The following table is a list of successful and unsuccessful Mars landers. As of 2022, 21 lander missions and 8 sub-landers (Rovers and Penetrators) attempted to land on Mars. As of 2022, 21 lander missions and 8 sub-landers (Rovers and Penetrators) attempted to land on Mars.
Viking 1 was the first of two spacecraft, along with Viking 2, each consisting of an orbiter and a lander, sent to Mars as part of NASA's Viking program. [2] The lander touched down on Mars on July 20, 1976, the first successful Mars lander in history.
Mars 7 lander Lander Spacecraft failure Separated from coast stage prematurely, failed to enter Martian atmosphere. 22 Viking 1: Viking 1 orbiter 20 August 1975: NASA United States: Orbiter Successful Operated for 1385 orbits. Entered Mars orbit on 19 June 1976. Titan IIIE Centaur-D1T: Viking 1 lander Lander Successful First successful Mars lander.
In 1971 the Soviet Union sent probes Mars 2 and Mars 3, each carrying a lander, as part of the Mars probe program M-71. The Mars 2 lander failed to land and impacted Mars. The Mars 3 lander became the first probe to successfully soft-land on Mars, but its data-gathering had less success. The lander began transmitting to the Mars 3 orbiter 90 ...
First man-made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing. Mars 3 lander: USSR: 2 December 1971: First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing. [4] Transmitted a partial image for 14.5 seconds before the signal was lost. [5] Mars 6 lander: USSR: 12 March 1974
The first to contact the surface were two Soviet probes: Mars 2 lander on November 27 and Mars 3 lander on December 2, 1971—Mars 2 failed during descent and Mars 3 failed about twenty seconds after the first Martian soft landing. [24] Mars 6 failed during descent but did return some corrupted atmospheric data in 1974. [25]
Russia has successfully launched Luna 25, the country’s first lunar lander in 47 years. The uncrewed spacecraft lifted off from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Amur Oblast, Russia.
The Viking program rovers were the first successful, functioning Mars landers. The mission ended in May 1983, after both landers had stopped working. Mars 96 was the first complex post-Soviet Russian mission with an orbiter, lander, penetrators. Planned for 1996, it failed at launch.