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The Goths [a] were a Germanic people who played a major role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of medieval Europe. [1] [2] [3] They were first reported by Graeco-Roman authors in the 3rd century AD, living north of the Danube in what is now Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania.
Within medieval Germanic languages, the Goths are attested as Gotan (plural) in Old English and as Goti (singular) in Old Norse. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] A Germanic an -stem variant of the name, * Gutan- (Goth), is inferred from a genitive plural form gutani , found on the Pietroassa inscription and possibly equivalent to Biblical Gothic Gutanē , and from ...
Concerning the origin of the Goths before the 3rd century, there is no consensus among scholars. [1] [2] It was in the 3rd century that the Goths began to be described by Roman writers as an increasingly important people north of the lower Danube and Black Sea, in the area of modern Romania, Republic of Moldova, and Ukraine.
This followed a longer period of missionary work by both Orthodox Christians and Arians, such as the Arian Wulfila, who was made missionary bishop of the Goths in 341 and translated the Bible into Gothic. [8] Initially, Gothic Christians had also faced some persecution under the Gothic King Athanaric, from 363 to 372.
It is a long-standing controversy whether the Goths were Geats. Both Old Icelandic and Old English literary sources clearly separate the Geats (Isl. Gautar, OEng Geatas) from the Goths/Gutar (Isl. Gotar, OEng. Gotenas); but the Gothic historian Jordanes wrote that the Goths came originally to Dacia from the island of Scandza.
A number of other posited similarities exist (for example, the existence of numerous inchoative verbs ending in -na, such as Gothic ga-waknan, Old Norse vakna; and the absence of gemination before j, or (in the case of old Norse) only g geminated before j, e.g. Proto-Germanic *kunją > Gothic kuni (kin), Old Norse kyn, but Old English cynn, Old ...
This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards.The specific problem is: The article uncritically repeats a lot of claims that have been much disputed or even refuted in postwar scholarship (refer to Heather 1991, Kulikowski 2006 for starters), such as the equivalence of the Greuthungi and the Ostrogoths and the claim that Ermanaric was an Amal -- note that Jordanes is a ...
Goths were a minority in all the places they lived within the Roman empire, and no Gothic language or distinct Gothic ethnicity has survived. On the other hand, the Gothic language texts which the Ostrogothic kingdom helped preserve are the only eastern Germanic language with "continuous texts" surviving, and the earliest significant remnants ...