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Lumbar disc herniation occurs 15 times more often than cervical (neck) disc herniation, and it is one of the most common causes of low back pain. The cervical discs are affected 8% of the time and the upper-to-mid-back (thoracic) discs only 1–2% of the time.
Spinal disc herniation pressing on one of the lumbar or sacral nerve roots is the most frequent cause of sciatica, being present in about 90% of cases. [4] This is particularly true in those under age 50. [13] Disc herniation most often occurs during heavy lifting. [14]
The cause is usually a disc herniation in the lower region of the back. [1] Other causes include spinal stenosis, cancer, trauma, epidural abscess, and epidural hematoma. [1] [2] The diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by medical imaging such as MRI or CT scan. [1] [3] CES is generally treated surgically via laminectomy. [1]
Lumbar disc disease is the drying out of the spongy interior matrix of an intervertebral disc in the spine. Many physicians and patients use the term lumbar disc disease to encompass several different causes of back pain or sciatica. In this article, the term is used to describe a lumbar herniated disc.
Since the disc is an avascular structure, it is an ideal environment for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. Propionibacterium acnes bacteria secrete propionic acid, which can dissolve fatty bone marrow and bone. Therefore, it was hypothesized that diffusion of propionic acid from the disc into the vertebrae results in bone oedema, i.e. Modic ...
Imaging can assist in excluding other conditions with similar symptoms, such as lumbar disc herniation and spinal stenosis. [29] Diagnostic injections of anesthetic into the piriformis may be used to confirm the diagnosis. [29] Often piriformis syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion. [29]
In older patients, CCS most often occurs after acute hyperextension injury in an individual with long-standing cervical spondylosis.A slow, chronic cause in this age group is when the cord gets caught and squeezed between a posterior intervertebral disc herniation against the anterior cord and/or with posterior pressure on the cord from hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (Lhermitte's sign ...
Ruptured disks, [6] which also called "slipped", [7] or herniated disks [2] Degenerative discs (lose their cushioning ability). [2] The degeneration usually caused by repetitive strain, or injury, or aging. [8] Irritated joints [6]