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William Magear "Boss" Tweed [note 1] (April 3, 1823 – April 12, 1878) was an American politician most notable for being the political boss of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party's political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th-century New York City and State.
Tammany Hall's electoral base lay predominantly with New York's burgeoning immigrant constituency, which often exchanged political support for Tammany Hall's patronage. In pre- New Deal America, the extralegal services that Tammany and other urban political machines provided often served as a rudimentary public welfare system .
He pursued a long series of political reforms, curbing the power of the powerful Irish-controlled Tammany Hall political machine that controlled the Democratic Party in Manhattan. He also re-established merit-based employment and promotion within city administration. [3] La Guardia was a highly visible national political figure.
In 1871, a Tammany Hall corruption scandal involving William M. Tweed led to Hall's indictment for "willfully neglecting his official duties." He maintained his innocence and was acquitted at his third trial in 1872, but his political career was effectively ended. He worked as a journalist in New York City and London, before dying in 1898.
Puck magazine caricature of Kelly (on grill), 1881 This cartoon describes the aftermath of the fight for the Democratic Presidential nomination in 1884.. John Kelly (April 20, 1822 – June 1, 1886) of New York City, known as "Honest John", was a boss of Tammany Hall and a U.S. Representative from New York from 1855 to 1858.
Sharkey's early adulthood coincided with the rise to power of William Tweed, whose Tammany Hall political machine had seized control of the city and engaged in systemic political corruption. Sharkey and his gang soon came to the attention of Tweed and his associates, who saw an opportunity to feed Sharkey's ambition while serving their own goals.
In 1932, New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt ran for President and wanted to weaken Tammany Hall. [3] Walker, who was tainted by allegations of corruption and was a threat to Roosevelt's campaign, [ 4 ] into resigning. [ 4 ]
The testimony collected during its hearings ran to over 10,000 pages and the resultant scandal played a major part in the defeat of Tammany Hall in the elections of 1894 and the election of the reform administration of Mayor William L. Strong. The investigations were initiated by pressure from Charles Henry Parkhurst.