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It can be measured with a dissolved oxygen probe such as an oxygen sensor or an optode in liquid media, usually water. [1] The standard unit of oxygen saturation is percent (%). Oxygen saturation can be measured regionally and noninvasively. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO 2) is commonly measured using pulse oximetry.
A pulse oximeter probe applied to a person's finger. A pulse oximeter is a medical device that indirectly monitors the oxygen saturation of a patient's blood (as opposed to measuring oxygen saturation directly through a blood sample) and changes in blood volume in the skin, producing a photoplethysmogram that may be further processed into other measurements. [4]
Venous oxygen saturation (SvO 2) is the percentage of oxygenated hemoglobin returning to the right side of the heart. It can be measured to see if oxygen delivery meets the tissues' demands. SvO 2 typically varies between 60% and 80%. [9] A lower value indicates that the body is in lack of oxygen, and ischemic diseases occur.
Story at a glance New research sheds light on the widespread discrepancies of pulse oximeter accuracy among patients of color. The devices are used in both veterans and commercial hospitals.
The functional oxygen saturation measured by this procedure is the basis for calibrating pulse oximeters. Pulse oximeters cannot be calibrated using physical procedures, but only by directly comparing the reported measurements and the parallel arterial oxygen saturation measured by hemoximetry in a group of healthy subjects. [citation needed]
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