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T. aquaticus is a bacterium that lives in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, and Taq polymerase was identified [1] as an enzyme able to withstand the protein-denaturing conditions (high temperature) required during PCR. [2] Therefore, it replaced the DNA polymerase from E. coli originally used in PCR. [3]
In enzymology, an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. 2 acetyl-CoA CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA. Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, acetyl-CoA, and two products, CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase belongs to the thiolase family of enzymes.
The active site is usually a groove or pocket of the enzyme which can be located in a deep tunnel within the enzyme, [3] or between the interfaces of multimeric enzymes. An active site can catalyse a reaction repeatedly as residues are not altered at the end of the reaction (they may change during the reaction, but are regenerated by the end ...
Enzyme activity as given in katal generally refers to that of the assumed natural target substrate of the enzyme. Enzyme activity can also be given as that of certain standardized substrates, such as gelatin, then measured in gelatin digesting units (GDU), or milk proteins, then measured in milk clotting units (MCU). The units GDU and MCU are ...
Oxidation of cytoplasmic NADH by the cytosolic form of the enzyme creates glycerol-3-phosphate from dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Once the glycerol-3-phosphate has moved through the outer mitochondrial membrane it can then be oxidised by a separate isoform of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase that uses quinone as an oxidant and FAD as a co-factor.
Alanine transaminase (ALT), also known as alanine aminotransferase (ALT or ALAT), formerly serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) or serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), is a transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.2) that was first characterized in the mid-1950s by Arthur Karmen and colleagues. [1]
In biochemistry, isozymes (also known as isoenzymes or more generally as multiple forms of enzymes) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction. Isozymes usually have different kinetic parameters (e.g. different K M values), or are regulated differently. They permit the fine-tuning of metabolism to ...
In enzymology, an ATP adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.53) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. ADP + ATP phosphate + P 1,P 4-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ADP and ATP, whereas its two products are phosphate and P1,P4-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate.