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This particular function is considered a scaffold's most basic function. Scaffolds assemble signaling components of a cascade into complexes. This assembly may be able to enhance signaling specificity by preventing unnecessary interactions between signaling proteins, and enhance signaling efficiency by increasing the proximity and effective concentration of components in the scaffold complex.
In Drosophila melanogaster, SCRIB is involved in synaptic function, neuroblast differentiation, and epithelial polarization.Mechanistically, the human homolog is a scaffold protein linked to cellular differentiation centered on the regulation of epithelial as well as neuronal morphogenesis.
The non-histone proteins, are a large group of heterogeneous proteins that play a role in organization and compaction of the chromosome into higher order structures. They play vital roles in regulating processes like nucleosome remodeling, DNA replication, RNA synthesis and processing, nuclear transport, steroid hormone action and interphase ...
These proteins differ in activity and subcellular locations, p66 is the longest and while the p52 and p46 link activated receptor tyrosine kinase to the RAS pathway. [6] The protein SHC1 also acts as a scaffold protein which is used in cell surface receptors. [7] The three proteins that SHC1 codes for have distinctly different molecular weights ...
Discs large homolog 1 (DLG1), also known as synapse-associated protein 97 or SAP97, is a scaffold protein that in humans is encoded by the SAP97 gene. SAP97 is a mammalian MAGUK -family member protein that is similar to the Drosophila protein Dlg1 (the protein is alternatively referred to as hDlg1, and the human gene is DLG1).
Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 (IQGAP1) also known as p195 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that in humans is encoded by the IQGAP1 gene. [5] [6] [7] IQGAP1 is a scaffold protein involved in regulating various cellular processes ranging from organization of the actin cytoskeleton, transcription, and cellular adhesion to regulating the cell cycle.
Shank proteins are multidomain scaffold proteins of the postsynaptic density that connect neurotransmitter receptors, ion channels, and other membrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton and G-protein-coupled signaling pathways. Shank proteins also play a role in synapse formation and dendritic spine maturation. [7]
The A-kinase anchoring proteins or A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) are a group of structurally diverse proteins, which have the common function of binding to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and confining the holoenzyme to discrete locations within the cell. [1] [2] At least 20 AKAPs have been cloned. [3]
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