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In pharmacology, potency or biological potency [1] is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. [2]
every 2 hours quaque secunda hora q.4.h., q4h every 4 hours quaque quarta hora q.6.h., q6h every 6 hours quaque sexta hora q.8.h., q8h every 8 hours quaque octava hora q.a.m., qAM, qam every morning: quaque ante meridiem q.d., qd every day / daily quaque die q.h.s., qhs every night at bedtime quaque hora somni q.d.s, qds, QDS 4 times a day
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration are used to measure in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents. They are good indicators of antimicrobial potency, but don't give any information relating to time-dependent antimicrobial killing (the so-called post antibiotic effect).
once daily in the morning q.d.p.m. quaque die post meridiem: once daily in the evening q.d.s. quater die sumendus: 4 times a day can be mistaken for "qd" (every day) q.p.m. quaque die post meridiem: every evening (every day after noon) q.h. quaque hora: every hour q.h.s. quaque hora somni: every night at bedtime
Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.
Absolute bioavailability refers to the bioavailability of a drug when administered via an extravascular dosage form (i.e. oral tablet, suppository, subcutaneous, etc.) compared with the bioavailability of the same drug administered intravenously (IV). This is done by comparing the AUC of the non-intravenous dosage form with the AUC for the drug ...
So, the maintenance dose of foosporin is 100 milligrams (100 mg) per day—just enough to offset the amount cleared. Suppose a patient just started taking 100 mg of foosporin every day. On the first day, they'd have 100 mg in their system; their body would clear 10 mg, leaving 90 mg.
It is commonly used as a measure of a drug's potency, although the use of EC 50 is preferred over that of 'potency', which has been criticised for its vagueness. [3] EC 50 is a measure of concentration, expressed in molar units (M), where 1 M is equivalent to 1 mol / L .