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Two similar pipings with same pressure distance and head. The second pipe contains some obstructions for flow resulting in less discharge. A common example of backpressure is that caused by the exhaust system (consisting of the exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, muffler and connecting pipes) of an automotive four-stroke engine, which has a negative effect on engine efficiency, resulting in ...
They work by transforming the polluted exhaust components into water and carbon dioxide. [6] There is a light-off temperature from which catalytic converters start to be efficient and work properly. [7] Catalytic converters can cause back pressure if clogged or not designed for the required flow rate.
The flow in manifolds is extensively encountered in many industrial processes when it is necessary to distribute a large fluid stream into several parallel streams, or to collect them into one discharge stream, such as in fuel cells, heat exchangers, radial flow reactors, hydronics, fire protection, and irrigation. Manifolds can usually be ...
The double exhaust pulse would cause part of the next exhaust pulse in that bank to not exit that cylinder completely and cause either a detonation (because of a lean air-fuel ratio (AFR)), or a misfire due to a rich AFR, depending on how much of the double pulse was left and what the mixture of that pulse was. [5]
The word "stacking" comes from the term "stack" for exhaust pipe or chimney stack. The oily exhaust pipe is therefore a "wet stack". This condition can have several causes. The most common cause is idling the engine for long intervals, which does not generate enough heat in the cylinder for a complete burn.
Types of manifolds in engineering include: Exhaust manifold An engine part that collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders into one pipe. Also known as headers. Hydraulic manifold A component used to regulate fluid flow in a hydraulic system, thus controlling the transfer of power between actuators and pumps Inlet manifold (or "intake ...
When the descending piston first exposes the exhaust port on the cylinder wall, the exhaust flows out powerfully due to its pressure (without assistance from the expansion chamber) so the diameter/area over the length of the first portion of the pipe is constant or near constant with a divergence of 0 to 2 degrees which preserves wave energy.
An exhaust brake is a means of slowing a diesel engine by closing off the exhaust path from the engine, causing the exhaust gases to be compressed in the exhaust manifold, and in the cylinder. Since the exhaust is being compressed, and there is no fuel being applied, the engine slows down the vehicle: the crankshaft (and, hence, the wheels ...