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  2. Specific rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_rotation

    Specific rotation is an intensive property, distinguishing it from the more general phenomenon of optical rotation. As such, the observed rotation ( α ) of a sample of a compound can be used to quantify the enantiomeric excess of that compound, provided that the specific rotation ( [α] ) for the enantiopure compound is known.

  3. Optical rotatory dispersion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotatory_dispersion

    In all materials the rotation varies with wavelength. The variation is caused by two quite different phenomena. The first accounts in most cases for the majority of the variation in rotation and should not strictly be termed rotatory dispersion. It depends on the fact that optical activity is actually circular birefringence.

  4. Optical rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotation

    Optical rotation, also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the plane of polarization about the optical axis of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials. Circular birefringence and circular dichroism are the manifestations of optical activity.

  5. Inverted sugar syrup - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_sugar_syrup

    Finding when r = 0.85 shows that the optical rotation of the solution after hydrolysis is done is −12.7° this reaction is said to invert the sugar because its final optical rotation is less than zero. A polarimeter can be used to figure out when the inversion is done by detecting whether the optical rotation of the solution at an earlier ...

  6. Polarimeter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarimeter

    Determination of specific rotation: In order to determine a specific rotation of an optically active substance (say, sugar), the polarimeter tube is first filled with pure water and the analyzer is adjusted for equal darkness (both the halves should be equally dark) point. The position of the analyzer is noted with the help of the scale.

  7. Mutarotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutarotation

    The observed rotation of the sample is the weighted sum of the optical rotation of each anomer weighted by the amount of that anomer present. Therefore, one can use a polarimeter to measure the rotation of a sample and then calculate the ratio of the two anomers present from the enantiomeric excess, as long as one knows the rotation of each pure anomer.

  8. Jones calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jones_calculus

    Finding the Jones matrix, J(α, β, γ), for an arbitrary rotation involves a three-dimensional rotation matrix. In the following notation α , β and γ are the yaw, pitch, and roll angles (rotation about the z-, y-, and x-axes, with x being the direction of propagation), respectively.

  9. Angular momentum of light - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum_of_light

    The total angular momentum of light consists of two components, both of which act in a different way on a massive colloidal particle inserted into the beam. The spin component causes the particle to spin around its axis, while the other component, known as orbital angular momentum (OAM), causes the particle to rotate around the axis of the beam.