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For instance, the phenomenon of life as studied in biology is an emergent property of chemistry and physics. In philosophy, theories that emphasize emergent properties have been called emergentism . [ 1 ]
For example, the wetness of water is an emergent property that cannot be understood solely by examining individual water molecules. [7] Novel properties: Emergent systems exhibit new properties that are not present in their individual components. These properties arise from the complex interactions and relationships between the parts of the system.
Systems chemistry is the science of studying networks of interacting molecules, to create new functions from a set (or library) of molecules with different hierarchical levels and emergent properties. [1] [2] Systems chemistry is also related to the origin of life (abiogenesis). [3]
Systems chemistry is the science of studying networks of interacting molecules, to create new functions from a set (or library) of molecules with different hierarchical levels and emergent properties. [14] Systems chemistry is also related to the origin of life (abiogenesis). [15]
Systems chemistry approaches form multiple products form a single synthesis under the same conditions and tend to be more similar to biological processes in that they have emergent properties, self-organization, and autocatalysis. [5] Cyanosulfidic prebiotic synthesis is a systems chemistry approach.
The basic principle behind the organisation is the concept of emergence—the properties and functions found at a hierarchical level are not present and irrelevant at the lower levels. The biological organisation of life is a fundamental premise for numerous areas of scientific research, particularly in the medical sciences.
An unexpected emergent property of a complex system may be a result of the interplay of the cause-and-effect among simpler, integrated parts (see biological organisation). Biological systems manifest many important examples of emergent properties in the complex interplay of components.
A complex system is a system composed of many components which may interact with each other. [1] Examples of complex systems are Earth's global climate, organisms, the human brain, infrastructure such as power grid, transportation or communication systems, complex software and electronic systems, social and economic organizations (like cities), an ecosystem, a living cell, and, ultimately, for ...