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Menopause in incarceration is a social and policy campaigning issue in which people work to raise awareness of the gender specific impact menopause symptoms can have on people in prison. [1] Although women are a minority of those incarcerated, the age of women in the prison system is increasing across the world.
Criminal menopause is an informal term describing a decrease in anti-social behavior that correlates with human aging. In the United States, for example, people over 60 years are responsible for less than one percent of crime. [ 1 ]
Support for women experiencing menopause in incarceration is outlined in the 2009 Kyiv Declaration on Women’s Health in Prison. The relationship between incarceration and health, compared to research on other social effects of incarceration, has been a topic of research for a relatively short period of time. [8]
Women in prison have specific needs in relation to menstruation, [7] pregnancy, post-partum health, contraception, [8] mental health and menopause. The United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (2010) outline standards for care of women offenders and prisoners and are known as the ...
Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time when menstrual periods permanently stop, marking the end of the reproductive stage for the female human. [1] [6] [7] It typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, although the exact timing can vary. [8]
The Bangkok Rules, or formally, "The United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders", is a set of 70 rules [1] focused on the treatment of female offenders and prisoners adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 22 December 2010. [2]
Todaro v. Ward argued that women within a New York prison did not have adequate, constitutional access to healthcare. Since Todaro v. Ward was the first major court case that called into question incarcerated women's actual access to health care, it spurred organizations such as the American Medical Association, American Correctional Association, and the American Public Health Association to ...
According to the International Centre for Prison Studies, as of August 2014, the Chinese women's prison population is the second-largest in the world (after the United States) with 84,600 female prisoners in total or 5.1% of the overall Chinese prison population. [2] [35]