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A second definition comes from Sean Wilken and Theresa Villiers: [22]: para. 9.02 [verification needed] An estoppel by representation [of fact] will arise between A and B if the following elements are made out. First, A makes a false representation of fact to B or to a group of which B was a member.
Human impact on the environment (or anthropogenic environmental impact) refers to changes to biophysical environments [1] and to ecosystems, biodiversity, and natural resources [2] caused directly or indirectly by humans.
The term contaminant is often used interchangeably with pollutant, which is a substance that detrimentally impacts the surrounding environment. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] While a contaminant is sometimes a substance in the environment as a result of human activity, but without harmful effects, it sometimes the case that toxic or harmful effects from ...
Information pollution (also referred to as info pollution) is the contamination of an information supply with irrelevant, redundant, unsolicited, hampering, and low-value information.
If the beneficiary knows of and has detrimentally relied on the rights created; If the beneficiary expressly assented to the contract at the request of one of the parties; If the beneficiary files a lawsuit to enforce the contract; or; If the beneficiary's rights vest pursuant to an express term in the contract providing for such vesting.
These adducts can detrimentally alter the chemical properties of these macromolecules and are therefore also referred to as damage. Adducts may arise as a consequence of the chemical reaction between a given "physicochemical agent to which an organism is exposed across the lifespan" (sometimes referred to as the exposome).
At common law, damages are a remedy in the form of a monetary award to be paid to a claimant as compensation for loss or injury. [1] To warrant the award, the claimant must show that a breach of duty has caused foreseeable loss.
Risk assessment can also be made on a much larger systems theory scale, for example assessing the risks of an ecosystem or an interactively complex mechanical, electronic, nuclear, and biological system or a hurricane (a complex meteorological and geographical system).