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Diagram of a gas centrifuge with countercurrent flow, used for separating isotopes of uranium. A gas centrifuge is a device that performs isotope separation of gases. A centrifuge relies on the principles of centrifugal force accelerating molecules so that particles of different masses are physically separated in a gradient along the radius of a rotating container.
The P1 centrifuge uses an aluminum rotor, and the P2 centrifuge uses a maraging steel rotor, [3] which is stronger, spins faster, and enriches more uranium per machine than the P1. In Pakistan, the Zippe-type centrifuge had a local designation and was known as Centrifuge Khan (after Abdul Qadeer Khan).: 151 [10]
Gaseous diffusion is a technology that was used to produce enriched uranium by forcing gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF 6) through microporous membranes. This produces a slight separation (enrichment factor 1.0043) between the molecules containing uranium-235 ( 235 U) and uranium-238 ( 238 U).
The gas is injected tangentially into a chamber with special geometry that further increases its rotation to a very high rate, causing the isotopes to separate. [10] The method is simple because vortex tubes have no moving parts, but energy intensive, about 50 times greater than gas centrifuges.
Non-Human centrifuge. At the European Space Agency (ESA) technology center ESTEC (in Noordwijk, the Netherlands), an 8-metre (26 ft) diameter centrifuge is used to expose samples in fields of life sciences as well as physical sciences. This Large Diameter Centrifuge (LDC) [20] began operation in 2007. Samples can be exposed to a maximum of 20 ...
The company hopes to triple its Oak Ridge workforce in a bid to end U.S. reliance on Russia for enriched uranium.
USEC Provides American Centrifuge Update Research, development and demonstration program on schedule, on budget DOE provides $44.4 million as next increment of funding Installation of plant ...
A gas centrifuge test facility (K-1210) opened in 1975, followed by a larger centrifuge plant demonstration facility (K-1220) in 1982. In response to an order from President Lyndon B. Johnson to cut production of enriched uranium by 25 percent, K-25 and K-27 ceased production in 1964, but in 1969 K-25 began producing uranium enriched to 3 to 5 ...