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Philippine literature in English has its roots in the efforts of the United States, then engaged in a war with Filipino nationalist forces at the end of the 19th century. By 1901, public education was institutionalized in the Philippines , with English serving as the medium of instruction.
The Philippine revolution brought a wave of nationalistic literary works, with propagandists and revolutionaries advocating for Filipino representation or independence from Spanish authority. Illustrados like Pedro Alejandro Paterno, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Jose Rizal contributed to the development of Philippine literature.
Francisco Sionil José (December 3, 1924 – January 6, 2022) was a Filipino writer who was one of the most widely read in the English language. [1] [2] A National Artist of the Philippines for Literature, which was bestowed upon him in 2001, José's novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society. [3]
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Likewise, the 400,000-piece Philippine Revolutionary Papers (PRP), also known as the Philippine Insurgent Records (PIR), were returned by the United States in 1957. [2] After many moves throughout its history, the National Library finally moved to its present location on June 19, 1961, in commemoration of the 100th birthday of José Rizal. [5]
Philippine folk literature refers to the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. Thus, the scope of the field covers the ancient folk literature of the Philippines' various ethnic groups , as well as various pieces of folklore that have evolved since the Philippines became a single ethno-political unit.
Depiction of Lam-Ang, the protagonist of Biag ni Lam-Ang, an Ilocano epic.. Philippine epic poetry is the body of epic poetry in Philippine literature.Filipino epic poetry is considered to be the highest point of development for Philippine folk literature, encompassing narratives that recount the adventures of tribal heroes.
Philippine literature; Filipiniana; Philippine National Book Awards; List of Filipino writers; Philippine literature in English; Philippine literature in Spanish; Cebuano literature; Ilokano literature; Hiligaynon literature; Pangasinan literature; Tagalog literature; Waray literature