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Poecilia sphenops, called the Mexican molly or simply the molly, is a species of poeciliid fish from Central America. It was once understood as a widespread species with numerous local variants ranging from Mexico to Venezuela, but these variants are today considered distinct species belonging to the P. sphenops complex and P. sphenops itself as being native to Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras.
The Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) is a freshwater fish native to the warm waters of northeastern Mexico and the southern parts of the U.S. state of Texas. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] It reproduces through gynogenesis , and essentially all individuals are females.
The black molly is a classic aquarium fish. A fancy molly is any of the domestic strains of mollies (Mollienesia subgenus of Poecilia), which are livebearer fish popularly kept as aquarium pets. The origin of the fancy mollies is unclear, with P. sphenops, P. gillii, P. latipinna, and P. velifera commonly named as parent species.
The most commonly kept species are guppies (P. reticulata), mollies (P. sphenops or P. latipinna), and Endler's livebearers . Members of the genus readily hybridize with each other and so most commercially offered fish are hybrids (with guppies having some Endler, and mollies being a mix of common and sailfin mollies). [9]
Poecilia gillii is a livebearer, meaning that females give birth to live fry. [3] It reproduces continuously year-round, with most juveniles appearing in August. [2]In some poeciliid species, e.g. P. latipinna and Xiphophorus multilineatus, large males court females while small males instead rely on chasing and sneaking up on the females to copulate.
Poecilia vandepolli, or Van de Poll's molly, is a poeciliid fish native to the ABC islands of the Lesser Antilles, namely Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao. It is a euryhaline species and one of the most common fish in its range , inhabiting fresh, brackish , salt, and hypersaline waters.
The sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna) is a livebearer fish typically found in both freshwater and brackish waterways along the East Coast of the United States, from North Carolina south to Florida, and around the Gulf of Mexico to Texas, and south to the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico.
Poecilia chica, the dwarf molly, is a livebearer fish from the Mexican state of Jalisco. The fish are small and exceptionally colorful. The fish are small and exceptionally colorful. The dominant male may become completely black, which is a unique ability in the Mollienesia subgenus .