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Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
The statin use may require that the warfarin dose be changed, as some statins increase the effect of warfarin. [ 64 ] The most important adverse side effects are muscle problems, an increased risk of diabetes mellitus , and increased liver enzymes in the blood due to liver damage .
Some statins may also alter the concentrations of other medications, such as warfarin or digoxin, leading to alterations in effect or a requirement for clinical monitoring. [56] The increase in digoxin levels due to atorvastatin is a 1.2 fold elevation in the area under the curve (AUC), resulting in a minor
A small increased risk of raised blood sugar levels and the development of type 2 diabetes have been reported with the use of statins. A 2010 published meta-analysis found for every 255 patients taking a statin for 4 years, one additional case of diabetes would occur whilst preventing 5.4 major coronary events. [27]
Cannabis use during pregnancy should be avoided. [80] There is no known safe dose of cannabis while pregnant and use of cannabis may lead to birth defects, pre-term birth, or low birth weight. [80] Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), an active ingredient in cannabis, can both cross the placenta and accumulates in high concentrations in breast milk. [81]
Ezetimibe, sold under the brand name Zetia among others, is a medication used to treat high blood cholesterol and certain other lipid abnormalities. [3] [4] Generally it is used together with dietary changes and a statin. [5]
If the maximum dose of statin cannot achieve the patient's goal, combination with ezetimibe is recommended. [17] An image of rosuvastatin tablets (Crestor) Caution. Atorvastatin and simvastatin are metabolized by CYP450 enzymes, leading to CYP450 enzymes related potential drug interactions; Contraindications. Active liver disease; Pregnancy or ...
It can be noted that blocking of isoprenoid synthesis by statins has shown promise in treating a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory autoimmune disease. [19] Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase by statins is lessened in patients with type 2 diabetes, which results in lessened inhibition of coronary atheromatous plaque, development. [20]