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The history of the communist movement in Cambodia can be divided into six phases, namely the emergence before World War II of the Indochinese Communist Party (ICP), whose members were almost exclusively Vietnamese; the 10-year struggle for independence from the French, when a separate Cambodian communist party, the Kampuchean (or Khmer) People ...
The Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK), [a] also known as the Khmer Communist Party, [9] was a communist party in Cambodia. Its leader was Pol Pot , and its members were generally known as the Khmer Rouge .
The history of Cambodia, a country in mainland Southeast Asia, can be traced back to Indian civilization. [1] [2] Detailed records of a political structure on the territory of what is now Cambodia first appear in Chinese annals in reference to Funan, a polity that encompassed the southernmost part of the Indochinese peninsula during the 1st to 6th centuries.
Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy with a unitary structure [11] and a parliamentary form of government. [12] The constitution, which prescribes the governing framework, was promulgated in September 1993 by the Constituent Assembly that resulted from the 1993 general election conducted under the auspices of the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC).
The government of the People's Republic of China did not protest the killings of ethnic Chinese in Cambodia. [35] The policies of the Khmer Rouge towards Sino-Cambodians seem puzzling in light of the fact that the two most powerful people in the regime and presumably the originators of the racist doctrine, Pol Pot and Nuon Chea, both had mixed ...
Son Sann would become the Prime Minister and Khieu Samphân the Deputy Prime Minister responsible for foreign affairs. This government would be recognized by the international community (except for the communist Eastern Bloc and COMECON countries) and maintained ambassadors to the UN and France. The GCKD served, in practice, as a political ...
Instead, China became Cambodia's main international partner. [302] With Vietnam increasingly siding with the Soviet Union over China, the Chinese saw Pol Pot's government as a bulwark against Vietnamese influence in Indochina. [303] Mao pledged $1 billion in military and economic aid to Cambodia, including an immediate $20 million grant. [304]
By late 1973, there was a growing awareness among the government and population of Cambodia that the extremism, total lack of concern over casualties, and complete rejection of any offer of peace talks "began to suggest that Khmer Rouge fanaticism and capacity for violence were deeper than anyone had suspected."