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The Ehrenstein illusion is an optical illusion of brightness or color perception. The visual phenomena was studied by the German psychologist Walter H. Ehrenstein (1899–1961) who originally wanted to modify the theory behind the Hermann grid illusion. In the discovery of the optical illusion, Ehrenstein found that grating patterns of straight ...
In the early 20th century, Wilhelm Wundt identified contrast as a fundamental principle of perception, and since then the effect has been confirmed in many different areas. [15] Contrast effects can shape not only visual qualities like color and brightness, but other kinds of perception, including the perception of weight. [16]
White's illusion is a brightness illusion in which certain stripes of a black-and-white grating are replaced by gray rectangles (see the figure). Both of the gray bars of A and B have the same color, luminance, and opacity. The brightness of the gray rectangles appears to be closer to the brightness of the top and bottom bordering stripes.
The maximum contrast of an image is termed the contrast ratio or dynamic range. In images where the contrast ratio approaches the maximum possible for the medium, there is a conservation of contrast. In such cases, increasing contrast in certain parts of the image will necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere.
The Chubb illusion is similar to another visual illusion, the contrast effect.The contrast effect is an illusion in which the perceived brightness or luminance of an identical central visual target form on a larger uniform background varies to the test subject depending on the ratio of the central form's luminance to that of its background. [4]
The renowned physicist Erwin Schrödinger, known for his contributions to quantum theory, had a fascination for psychology and he explored topics related to color perception. Schrödinger (1926) [ 4 ] put forth an equation for binocular brightness and contrast combination where each monocular input is weighted by the ratio of the signal ...
While being one of the most well-known contrast illusions, there are similar effects which cause two regions of identical color to appear differently depending on context: The Cornsweet illusion creates a boundary between two identically-shaded regions with a discontinuous gradient, resulting in the opposing sides appearing to be different.
Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiating or reflecting light. [1] In other words, brightness is the perception elicited by the luminance of a visual target. The perception is not linear to luminance, and relies on the context of the viewing environment (for example, see White's illusion).