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Clamping circuits were common in analog television receivers. These sets have a DC restorer circuit, which returns the voltage of the video signal during the "back porch" of the line blanking (retrace) period to 0 V. Low-frequency interference, especially power line hum, induced onto the signal spoils the rendering of the image and, in extreme ...
Voltage and current errors: SEV-c circuitry does not actually measure the voltage of the cell being clamped (as does a two-electrode clamp). The patch-clamp amplifier is like a two-electrode clamp, except the voltage measuring and current passing circuits are connected (in the two-electrode clamp, they are connected through the cell). The ...
Baker called the technique "back clamping", but the circuit is now called a Baker clamp. Many sources credit Baker's report for the two-diode clamp circuit. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Also in 1956, Baker described the circuit in a patent application; the 1961 issued patent US 3,010,031 [ 6 ] claims the use of the clamp in symmetrical flip-flop circuits.
The circuits are now known as Baker clamps. One of those clamp circuits used a single germanium diode to clamp a silicon transistor in a circuit configuration that is the same as the Schottky transistor. [2]: 11, 30 The circuit relied on the germanium diode having a lower forward voltage drop than a silicon diode would have.
The Villard circuit, conceived by Paul Ulrich Villard, [p 1] consists simply of a capacitor and a diode. While it has the great benefit of simplicity, its output has very poor ripple characteristics. Essentially, the circuit is a diode clamp circuit. The capacitor is charged on the negative half cycles to the peak AC voltage (V pk). The output ...
Investigation of the brain reward circuitry reveals that it consists of a distributed, multi-synaptic circuit that determines both BSR and natural reward function. [1] The natural drives that motivate and shape behavior reach the reward circuitry trans-synaptically through the peripheral senses of sight, sound, taste, smell, or touch.
Clamp meter. In electrical and electronic engineering, a current clamp, also known as current probe, is an electrical device with jaws which open to allow clamping around an electrical conductor. This allows measurement of the current in a conductor without the need to make physical contact with it, or to disconnect it for insertion through the ...
Using a series of voltage clamp experiments and by varying extracellular sodium and potassium concentrations, Hodgkin and Huxley developed a model in which the properties of an excitable cell are described by a set of four ordinary differential equations. [1] Together with the equation for the total current mentioned above, these are: