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Hollerith 1890 tabulating machine with sorting box. [a] Hollerith punched card. The tabulating machine was an electromechanical machine designed to assist in summarizing information stored on punched cards. Invented by Herman Hollerith, the machine was developed to help process data for the 1890 U.S. Census.
Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 – November 17, 1929) was a German-American statistician, inventor, and businessman who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and, later, in accounting.
A punched card sorter is a machine for sorting decks of punched cards. Sorting was a major activity in most facilities that processed data on punched cards using unit record equipment . The work flow of many processes required decks of cards to be put into some specific order as determined by the data punched in the cards.
A punched card (also punch card [1] or punched-card [2]) is a piece of card stock that stores digital data using punched holes. Punched cards were once common in data processing and the control of automated machines .
Census worker with Hollerith pantograph punch [7] Herman Hollerith's first device for punching cards from the 1890s was ...any ordinary ticket punch, cutting a round hole 3/16 of an inch in diameter. [8] Use of such a punch was facilitated by placing the holes to be used near the edges of the card.
To process these punched cards, sometimes referred to as "Hollerith cards", he invented the keypunch, sorter, and tabulator unit record machines. [10] [11] These inventions were the foundation of the data processing industry. The tabulator used electromechanical relays to increment mechanical counters. Hollerith's method was used in the 1890 ...
Willy Heidinger, an acquaintance of Hollerith, licensed all of Hollerith's The Tabulating Machine Company patents in 1910, and created Dehomag in Germany. [4] In 1911 The Tabulating Machine Company was amalgamated (via stock acquisition) with three others, creating a fifth company, the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR).
Punch card for Herman Hollerith's Electric Sorting and Tabulating Machine, ca. 1895. Library of Congress. Part of a set.