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One common way in which trypanosomiasis can be diagnosed in humans is through the detection of antibodies against trypanosomes made by host organisms. [6] One commonly used antibody test which operated based on this principle is the card agglutination test, C.A.T.T. for T. gambiense. [6] [7] In this test, reagent is mixed with blood and shaken.
African trypanosomiasis is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals. [3]Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness or simply sleeping sickness, is caused by the species Trypanosoma brucei. [3]
Human trypanosomiasis is a cutaneous condition caused by several species of trypanosomes, with skin manifestations usually being observed in the earlier stages of the disease as evanescent erythema, erythema multiforme, and edema, especially angioedema.
The three major human diseases caused by trypanosomatids are; African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by tsetse flies [3]), South American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease, caused by T. cruzi and transmitted by triatomine bugs), and leishmaniasis (a set of trypanosomal diseases caused by various species of Leishmania transmitted by sandflies [4]).
The first is a parasite of non-human mammals and causes nagana, while the latter two are zoonotic infecting both humans and animals and cause African trypanosomiasis. T. brucei is transmitted between mammal hosts by an insect vector belonging to different species of tsetse fly (Glossina). Transmission occurs by biting during the insect's blood ...
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is spread mostly by insects in the subfamily Triatominae, known as "kissing bugs". The symptoms change throughout the infection.
T. equiperdum, which causes dourine or covering sickness in horses and other Equidae, it can be spread through coitus. T. evansi, which causes one form of the disease surra in certain animals including camels [20] (a single case report of human infection in 2005 in India [21] was successfully treated with suramin [22]) T. everetti, in birds
This behaviour causes disease or the likelihood of disease that varies with the organism: Chagas disease in humans, dourine and surra in horses, and a brucellosis-like disease in cattle. Parasites need a host body and the haematophagous insect triatomine (descriptions "assassin bug", "cone-nose bug", and "kissing bug") is the major vector in ...