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  2. Distributive property - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributive_property

    In mathematics, the distributive property of binary operations is a generalization of the distributive law, which asserts that the equality is always true in elementary algebra. For example, in elementary arithmetic, one has Therefore, one would say that multiplication distributes over addition. This basic property of numbers is part of the ...

  3. Matrix multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_multiplication

    The result matrix has the number of rows of the first and the number of columns of the second matrix. In mathematics, specifically in linear algebra, matrix multiplication is a binary operation that produces a matrix from two matrices. For matrix multiplication, the number of columns in the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in ...

  4. Dot product - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot_product

    Dot product. In mathematics, the dot product or scalar product[note 1] is an algebraic operation that takes two equal-length sequences of numbers (usually coordinate vectors), and returns a single number. In Euclidean geometry, the dot product of the Cartesian coordinates of two vectors is widely used. It is often called the inner product (or ...

  5. Transpose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transpose

    If A is an m × n matrix and A T is its transpose, then the result of matrix multiplication with these two matrices gives two square matrices: A A T is m × m and A T A is n × n. Furthermore, these products are symmetric matrices. Indeed, the matrix product A A T has entries that are the inner product of a row of A with a column of A T.

  6. Matrix (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a matrix (pl.: matrices) is a rectangular array or table of numbers, symbols, or expressions, with elements or entries arranged in rows and columns, which is used to represent a mathematical object or property of such an object. For example, is a matrix with two rows and three columns.

  7. Vector calculus identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_calculus_identities

    Specifically, the divergence of a vector is a scalar. The divergence of a higher-order tensor field may be found by decomposing the tensor field into a sum of outer products and using the identity, where is the directional derivative in the direction of multiplied by its magnitude. Specifically, for the outer product of two vectors,

  8. Hadamard product (matrices) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadamard_product_(matrices)

    The Hadamard product operates on identically shaped matrices and produces a third matrix of the same dimensions. In mathematics, the Hadamard product (also known as the element-wise product, entrywise product [1]: ch. 5 or Schur product [2]) is a binary operation that takes in two matrices of the same dimensions and returns a matrix of the multiplied corresponding elements.

  9. Trace (linear algebra) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trace_(linear_algebra)

    Trace (linear algebra) In linear algebra, the trace of a square matrix A, denoted tr (A), [1] is defined to be the sum of elements on the main diagonal (from the upper left to the lower right) of A. The trace is only defined for a square matrix (n × n). In mathematical physics texts, if tr (A) = 0 then the matrix is said to be traceless.