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1272 Death of Henry III, Edward I succeeds to the English throne; 1277 England annexes Wales, a state of affairs which lasted until 1283; 1279 The first Statutes of Mortmain was passed; 1282 Death of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, prince of Wales; Dafydd ap Gruffydd succeeds to the throne of Gwynedd; 1283 Death of Dafydd ap Gruffydd; English conquest of ...
The English Civil War began (see timeline of the English Civil War). 1649: January: Trial and execution of Charles I: 1649: Interregnum began with the First Commonwealth. 1650 4 November William III, the future king of England (r. 1689-1702), is born to parents William II of Orange and Mary of England. 1653–1659
Since that time, the eldest sons of all English monarchs, except for King Edward III, [a] have borne this title. After the death of Queen Elizabeth I in 1603, her cousin King James VI of Scotland inherited the English crown as James I of England, joining the crowns of England and Scotland in personal union .
The Stuart kings overestimated the power of the English monarchy, and were cast down by Parliament in 1645 and 1688. In the first instance, Charles I 's introduction of new forms of taxation in defiance of Parliament led to the English Civil War (1641–1645), in which the king was defeated, and to the abolition of the monarchy under Oliver ...
The official website of the British Monarchy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-04-26. "The Plantagenet Dynasties 1216–1485" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-04-26. "The Tudors 1485–1603 and the Stuarts 1603–1714" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy
It may be noted that the succession was highly uncertain, and was not governed by a fixed convention, for much of the century after the Norman Conquest of 1066. Significant breaks in the succession, where the designated heir did not in fact succeed (due to usurpation, conquest, revolution, or lack of heirs) are shown as breaks in the table below.
There have been 13 British monarchs since the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707.England and Scotland had been in personal union since 24 March 1603; while the style, "King of Great Britain" first arose at that time, legislatively the title came into force in 1707.
For centuries, English official public documents have been dated according to the regnal years of the ruling monarch.Traditionally, parliamentary statutes are referenced by regnal year, e.g. the Occasional Conformity Act 1711 is officially referenced as "10 Ann. c. 6" (read as "the sixth chapter of the statute of the parliamentary session that sat in the 10th year of the reign of Queen Anne").