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Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, is a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing radiation in a short period of time. [1] Symptoms can start within an hour of exposure, and can last for several months.
For people with brain tumors, radiation can be an effective treatment because chemotherapy is often less effective due to the blood–brain barrier. [ citation needed ] Unfortunately for some patients, as time passes, people who received radiation therapy may begin experiencing deficits in their learning, memory, and spatial information ...
All treatments for CNS tumors have significant risks and side-effects. In cases where tumors are slow growing and do not cause symptoms, it may be preferable to closely watch the patient's condition without any treatment, until new test results or symptoms indicate that the patient's condition has worsened. [17]
Radiation hormesis is the conjecture that a low level of ionizing radiation (i.e., near the level of Earth's natural background radiation) helps "immunize" cells against DNA damage from other causes (such as free radicals or larger doses of ionizing radiation), and decreases the risk of cancer. The theory proposes that such low levels activate ...
As is the case with most brain tumors, a major difficulty in treating DIPG is overcoming the blood–brain barrier. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] In the brain – unlike in other areas of the body, where substances can pass freely from the blood into the tissue – there is very little space between the cells lining the blood vessels.
Side effects are dose-dependent; for example, higher doses of head and neck radiation can be associated with cardiovascular complications, thyroid dysfunction, and pituitary axis dysfunction. [15] Modern radiation therapy aims to reduce side effects to a minimum and to help the patient understand and deal with side effects that are unavoidable.
It is the most common cancer that begins within the brain and the second-most common brain tumor, after meningioma, which is benign in most cases. [6] [15] About 3 in 100,000 people develop the disease per year. [3] The average age at diagnosis is 64, and the disease occurs more commonly in males than females. [2] [3]
Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is a treatment option for patients with brain metastases. In WBRT, radiation therapy is administered broadly, to the whole brain, over multiple treatments. In WBRT, radiation therapy is administered broadly, to the whole brain, over multiple treatments.
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