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The mammillary bodies also mamillary bodies, are a pair of small round brainstem nuclei. [2] They are located on the undersurface of the brain that, as part of the diencephalon , form part of the limbic system .
The mammillary bodies directly or indirectly connect to the amygdala, hippocampus, and thalami as major structures in the limbic system. [6] The mammillothalamic tract carries signals from the mammillary bodies via the anterior thalamus to support spatial memory .
However, although the hypothalamus projects to both the mammillary bodies and the anterior nuclei of the thalamus, the anterior nuclei receive input from hippocampal cells deep to the pyramidal cells projecting to the mammillary bodies. [2] These nuclei are considered to be association nuclei, one of the three broader subdivisions of thalamic ...
In neuroanatomy, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN; also called the lateral geniculate body or lateral geniculate complex) is a structure in the thalamus and a key component of the mammalian visual pathway. It is a small, ovoid, ventral projection of the thalamus where the thalamus connects with the optic nerve. There are two LGNs, one on the ...
The tuber cinereum is a convex mass of grey matter, [3]: 495 a ventral/inferior distention of the hypothalamus forming the floor of the third ventricle. [citation needed] The portion of the tuber cinerum at the base of the infundibulum (pituitary stalk) is the median eminence; [2] the infundibulum extends ventrally/inferiorly from the median eminence to become continuous with the infundibulum.
This is similar to the dendritic organization of the IC, but with a different orientation. The dendrites of relay cells form a synaptic nest with ascending axons from the inferior colliculus and intrathalamic interneurons. In this synapse, relay cells are excited by input from the IC axons.
The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a collection of nuclei at the base of the lateral ventricles, and in front of the septum.The BNST, hypothalamic nuclei, and septal nuclei are all in close proximity with each other and share many projections. [1]
The medial dorsal nucleus relays inputs from the amygdala and olfactory cortex and projects to the prefrontal cortex and the limbic system, [5] [6] and in turn relays them to the prefrontal association cortex. As a result, it plays a crucial role in attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking, and active memory.