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In situ [a] is a Latin phrase meaning "in place" or "on site", derived from in ('in') and situ (ablative of situs, lit. ' place ' ). [ 3 ] The term refers to the examination of phenomena or objects within their original place or context.
In situ hybridization (ISH) is a type of hybridization that uses a labeled complementary DNA, RNA or modified nucleic acid strand (i.e., a probe) to localize a specific DNA or RNA sequence in a portion or section of tissue or if the tissue is small enough (e.g., plant seeds, Drosophila embryos), in the entire tissue (whole mount ISH), in cells ...
It was coined in 1987 as an allusion to the Latin phrases in vivo, in vitro, and in situ, which are commonly used in biology (especially systems biology). The latter phrases refer, respectively, to experiments done in living organisms, outside living organisms, and where they are found in nature.
In biology, a probe is a single strand of DNA or RNA that is complementary to a nucleotide sequence of interest. RNA probes can be designed for any gene or any sequence within a gene for visualization of mRNA , [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] lncRNA [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] and miRNA in tissues and cells.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a laboratory method used to detect and locate a DNA sequence, often on a particular chromosome. [4]In the 1960s, researchers Joseph Gall and Mary Lou Pardue found that molecular hybridization could be used to identify the position of DNA sequences in situ (i.e., in their natural positions within a chromosome).
Spatial transcriptomics, or spatially resolved transcriptomics, is a method that captures positional context of transcriptional activity within intact tissue. [1] The historical precursor to spatial transcriptomics is in situ hybridization, [2] where the modernized omics terminology refers to the measurement of all the mRNA in a cell rather than select RNA targets.
A metaphase cell positive for the BCR/ABL rearrangement using FISH. Cytogenetics is essentially a branch of genetics, but is also a part of cell biology/cytology (a subdivision of human anatomy), that is concerned with how the chromosomes relate to cell behaviour, particularly to their behaviour during mitosis and meiosis. [1]
In-situ conservation is the on-site conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural populations of tree species. [1] This process protects the inhabitants and ensures the sustainability of the environment and ecosystem.