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While the vast majority of wasps play no role in pollination, a few species can effectively transport pollen and pollinate several plant species. [42] Since wasps generally do not have a fur-like covering of soft hairs and a special body part for pollen storage (pollen basket) as some bees do, pollen does not stick to them well. [43]
Plants fall into pollination syndromes that reflect the type of pollinator being attracted. These are characteristics such as: overall flower size, the depth and width of the corolla, the color (including patterns called nectar guides that are visible only in ultraviolet light), the scent, amount of nectar, composition of nectar, etc. [2] For example, birds visit red flowers with long, narrow ...
For the fig, the fig wasps act as agents of pollination where pollen is carried to other plants for reproduction. Specifically, B. psenes has a mutualistic relationship with the fig species F. carica. This fig can only be pollinated by the symbiotic wasp that has retrieved pollen from another syconium. Female wasps oviposit in the syconium for ...
The wasps that inhabit a particular tree can be divided into two groups; pollinating and non-pollinating. The pollinating wasps are part of an obligate nursery pollination mutualism with the fig tree, while the non-pollinating wasps feed off the plant without benefiting it. The life cycles of the two groups, however, are similar.
The Tiphiidae (also known as tiphiid wasps, [1] flower wasps, [2] [note 1] or tiphiid flower wasps [3]) are a family of large, solitary wasps whose larvae are parasitoids of various beetle larvae, especially those in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. [4]
The wasps then die and larvae develop in the galls, while seeds develop in the pollinated flowers. 4–6 weeks after egg laying, the wingless males emerge, mate with the females still in their galls, and cut a tunnel out of the syconium. As the females emerge, they collect pollen from male flowers, which ripen later.
Many species are pollen vectors contributing to the pollination of several plants, being potential or even effective pollinators, [2] while others are notable predators of pest insect species, and a few species are invasive pests. [3] [4]
Females emerge from ripe figs and fly to another fig tree with developing syconia (which contain the flowers). They enter the syconium via the ostiole, pollinate the flowers, and lay their eggs in some of the ovules. The ovules containing eggs develop into galls that support the growth of the wasp larvae.