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The sartorius muscle can move the hip joint and the knee joint, but all of its actions are weak, making it a synergist muscle. [4] At the hip, it can flex, weakly abduct, and laterally rotate the femur. [4] At the knee, it can flex the leg; when the knee is flexed, sartorius medially rotates the leg.
The nerve to the pectineus muscle arises immediately above the inguinal ligament from the medial side of the femoral nerve, and passes behind the femoral sheath to enter the anterior surface of the muscle. [1] Anterior division supplies the sartorius muscle [1]
All muscles in the lateral rotator group originate from the hip bone and insert on to the upper extremity of the femur. The muscles are innervated by the sacral plexus (L4-S2), except the obturator externus muscle, which is innervated by the lumbar plexus. [2]
The nerve of the anterior compartment of thigh is the femoral nerve. [2] Innervation for the quadriceps muscles come from the posterior division of the femoral nerve, while the anterior division (which contains cutaneous as well as muscular components) gives a lateral and a medial branch, the second being responsible for the innervation of the sartorius muscle. [4]
The posterior division then gives off the saphenous nerve as it converges with the femoral artery where it passes beneath the sartorius muscle. [3] The saphenous nerve lies in front of the femoral artery, behind the aponeurotic covering of the adductor canal, as far as the opening in the lower part of the adductor magnus muscle.
When this is so, it emerges from beneath the lower border of the adductor longus muscle, descends along the posterior margin of the sartorius muscle to the medial side of the knee, where it pierces the deep fascia, communicates with the saphenous nerve, and is distributed to the skin of the tibial side of the leg as low down as its middle.
medially by the medial border of the adductor longus muscle. (Some people consider the femoral triangle to be smaller hence the medial border being at the lateral border of the adductor longus muscle.) [2] laterally by the medial border of the sartorius muscle. [2] The apex of the triangle is continuous with the adductor canal. [2]
It provides attachment for the inguinal ligament, the sartorius muscle, [1] [4] and the tensor fasciae latae muscle. [2] [3] A variety of structures lie close to the anterior superior iliac spine, including the subcostal nerve, [5] the femoral artery (which passes between it and the pubic symphysis), [4] and the iliohypogastric nerve. [6]