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Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology, is a social science discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings, their extinct hominin ancestors, and related non-human primates, particularly from an evolutionary perspective. [1]
Ape skeletons. A display at the Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge.From left to right: Bornean orangutan, two western gorillas, chimpanzee, human. The evolution of human bipedalism, which began in primates approximately four million years ago, [1] or as early as seven million years ago with Sahelanthropus, [2] [3] or approximately twelve million years ago with Danuvius guggenmosi, has ...
The evolutionary history of the primates can be traced back 57-90 million years. [1] One of the oldest known primate-like mammal species, Plesiadapis, came from North America; [2] another, Archicebus, came from China. [3] Other similar basal primates were widespread in Eurasia and Africa during the tropical conditions of the Paleocene and Eocene.
Extant primates exhibit a broad range of variation in sexual size dimorphism (SSD), or sexual divergence in body size. [4] It ranges from species such as gibbons and strepsirrhines (including Madagascar's lemurs) in which males and females have almost the same body sizes to species such as chimpanzees and bonobos in which males' body sizes are larger than females' body sizes.
Olive baboon. Primatology is the scientific study of non-human primates. [1] It is a diverse discipline at the boundary between mammalogy and anthropology, and researchers can be found in academic departments of anatomy, anthropology, biology, medicine, psychology, veterinary sciences and zoology, as well as in animal sanctuaries, biomedical research facilities, museums and zoos. [2]
Adapidae is a family of extinct primates that primarily radiated during the Eocene epoch between about 55 and 34 million years ago. [citation needed]Adapid systematics and evolutionary relationships are controversial, but there is fairly good evidence from the postcranial skeleton (everything but the skull, or cranium) that adapids were stem strepsirrhines (members of the group including the ...
After the discovery of H. neanderthalensis, which even if "archaic" is recognizable as clearly human, late 19th to early 20th century anthropology for a time was occupied with finding the supposedly "missing link" between Homo and Pan. The "Piltdown Man" hoax of 1912 was the fraudulent presentation of such a transitional species. Since the mid ...
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (Leipzig, Germany) Panga ya Saidi [126] 78.3±4.1 Homo sapiens: 2021 Kenya: Obi-Rakhmat 1 [127] 75 [115] Homo neanderthalensis: 2003 Uzbekistan: Teshik-Tash Skull [128] 70 Homo neanderthalensis: 1938 Uzbekistan: A. Okladnikov La Ferrassie 1: 70 Homo neanderthalensis: 1909 France: R. Capitan and ...