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Dacarbazine, also known as imidazole carboxamide and sold under the brand name DTIC-Dome, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of melanoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. [3] For Hodgkin's lymphoma it is often used together with vinblastine, bleomycin, and doxorubicin. [3] It is given by injection into a vein. [3]
Clinical trials later showed that anti-CTLA-4 antibodies could extend the lives of patients with metastatic melanoma by four months, and anti-PD-1 antibodies also demonstrated anti-tumor effects. [5] Using the immune system to combat cancer has since gained popularity.
Talimogene laherparepvec is delivered by injecting it directly into tumors, thereby creating a systemic anti-tumor immune response. [2]In the US, talimogene laherparepvec is FDA approved to treat Stage IIIb-IVM1c melanoma patients for whom surgical intervention is not appropriate and with tumors which can be directly injected; the EMA approved population in Europe is for Stage IIIb-IVM1a.
The first checkpoint antibody approved by the FDA was ipilimumab, approved in 2011 for treatment of melanoma. [2] It blocks the immune checkpoint molecule CTLA-4.Clinical trials have also shown some benefits of anti-CTLA-4 therapy on lung cancer or pancreatic cancer, specifically in combination with other drugs.
A new therapy for metastatic melanoma was shown to be more effective than a leading immunotherapy for the skin cancer. New cell-based therapy for melanoma more effective than existing treatment ...
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it in March 2017, for the treatment of Merkel-cell carcinoma, [85] an aggressive type of skin cancer. The EMA approved it in September 2017, for the same indication. [87] This is the first FDA-approved treatment for metastatic Merkel-cell carcinoma, a rare, aggressive form of skin cancer. [85]
On February 1, 2012, Health Canada approved ipilimumab for "treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma in patients who have failed or do not tolerate other systemic therapy for advanced disease." [24] Ipilimumab was approved in the European Union (EU), for second line treatment of metastatic melanoma in November 2012. [25] [26]
The current approach to treating melanoma with immunotherapy includes three broad categories of treatments including cytokines, immune check point inhibitors, and adoptive cell transfer. [136] These treatment options are most often used in people with metastatic melanoma and significantly improves overall survival. [124]
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