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Expansion over time of the silver amalgam creates stress in the body of the dental unit. This process contributes to chipping and even deep longitudinal cracking, up to and including breaking the tooth in half. Modern white fillings have a compression process going on. It also contributes to the stress from which horizontal cracks appear.
Hal Alan Huggins (1937 – November 29, 2014) was an American alternative dentistry advocate and campaigner against the use of dental amalgam fillings and other dental therapies that he believed to be unsafe. [1] [2] Huggins began to promote his ideas in the 1970s and played a major role in generating controversy over the use of amalgam. [3]
This discussion of the dental amalgam controversy outlines the debate over whether dental amalgam (the mercury alloy in dental fillings) should be used. Supporters claim that it is safe, effective and long-lasting, while critics argue that amalgam is unsafe because it may cause mercury poisoning and other toxicity .
To fabricate an amalgam filling, the dentist uses a mixing device to blend roughly equal parts (by mass) of shavings of a silver-base alloy with mercury until the shavings are thoroughly wetted. The silver alloy is typically 40–70% Ag, 25-29% Sn, 2–40% Cu and 0–2% Zn (when the alloy is formulated Zn is a scavenger and is mostly consumed ...
Composites and amalgam are used mainly for direct restoration. Composites can be made of color matching the tooth, and the surface can be polished after the filling procedure has been completed. Amalgam fillings expand with age, possibly cracking the tooth and requiring repair and filling replacement, but chance of leakage of filling is less.
An amalgam dental filling. Dentistry has used alloys of mercury with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc. Amalgam is an "excellent and versatile restorative material" [9] and is used in dentistry because it is inexpensive and relatively easy to use and manipulate during placement. It remains soft for a short time so it can be ...
The dentist may check is the tooth has a vital nerve supply, these tests may include sensibility testing, such as electrical pulp testing or thermal testing. [ 4 ] Transillumination of tooth 21 showing vertical fracture (blue arrows) and inflammation in marginal gingiva at fracture site (green arrow)
Polishing of an amalgam filling; The pressure from high speed turbine dental drills can be enough to force amalgam particles into soft tissue, [1] as may occur when an old amalgam filling is being removed; When a tooth with an amalgam filling is extracted, [5]: 183 e.g. broken bits of amalgam filling falling into an extraction socket unnoticed [1]