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In chemistry, orthosilicate is the anion SiO 4− 4, or any of its salts and esters. It is one of the silicate anions. It is occasionally called the silicon tetroxide anion or group. [1] Orthosilicate salts, like sodium orthosilicate, are stable, and occur widely in nature as silicate minerals, being the defining feature of the nesosilicates. [2]
4−x] n, where 0 ≤ x < 2. The family includes orthosilicate SiO 4− 4 (x = 0), metasilicate SiO 2− 3 (x = 1), and pyrosilicate Si 2 O 6− 7 (x = 0.5, n = 2). The name is also used for any salt of such anions, such as sodium metasilicate; or any ester containing the corresponding chemical group, such as tetramethyl orthosilicate. [1]
Sodium orthosilicate is the chemical compound with the molecular formula Na 4 SiO 4. It is one of the sodium silicates, specifically an orthosilicate, formally a salt of the unstable orthosilicic acid H 4 SiO 4. [2] [3] [4]
Nesosilicates (from Greek νῆσος nēsos 'island'), or orthosilicates, have the orthosilicate ion, present as isolated (insular) [SiO 4] 4− tetrahedra connected only by interstitial cations. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.A –examples include:
Although rarely observed, it is the key compound of silica and silicates and the precursor to other silicic acids [H 2x SiO x+2] n. Silicic acids play important roles in biomineralization and technology. [2] [3] [4] It is the parent acid of the orthosilicate anion SiO 4− 4.
x · (SiO 2) y, such as sodium metasilicate (Na 2 SiO 3), sodium orthosilicate (Na 4 SiO 4), and sodium pyrosilicate (Na 6 Si 2 O 7). The anions are often polymeric. These compounds are generally colorless transparent solids or white powders, and soluble in water in various amounts.
Unit cell of Ca 2 SiO 4. Color code: red (O), blue (Ca), gold (Si). As verified by X-ray crystallography, calcium silicate is a dense solid consisting of tetrahedral orthosilicate (SiO 4 4-) units linked to Ca 2+ via Si-O-Ca bridges. There are two calcium sites. One is seven coordinate and the other is eight coordinate. [11]
Zircon consists of 8-coordinated Zr 4+ centers linked to tetrahedral orthosilicate SiO 4 4-sites. The oxygen atoms are all triply bridging, each with the environment OZr 2 Si. Given its highly crosslinked structure, the material is hard, and hence prized as gemstone and abrasive. Zr(IV) is a d 0 ion. Consequently the material is colorless and ...