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The incoming protective earth/neutral conductor is connected to a neutral bar (located on the customer's side of the electricity meter's neutral connection) which is then connected via the customer's MEN link to the earth bar – beyond this point, the protective earth and neutral conductors are separate.
In the TN-C system, a common conductor provides both the neutral and protective grounding. The neutral conductor is connected to earth ground at the point of supply, and equipment cases are connected to the neutral. The danger exists that a broken neutral connection will allow all the equipment cases to rise to a dangerous voltage if any ...
Such a connection is known as a functional earth – for example some long wavelength antenna structures require a functional earth connection, which generally should not be indiscriminately connected to the supply protective earth, as the introduction of transmitted radio frequencies into the electrical distribution network is both illegal and ...
This is done in the UK because many buildings are supplied with a TN−C−S earthing system where the neutral and earth conductors are combined. Close to the electricity meter this conductor is divided into two, the earth and the neutral busbar in the consumer unit. If the ground connection to the neutral is lost, all wiring and other objects ...
The Earth circuit is modified when an ELCB is used; the connection to the Earth rod is passed through the ELCB by connecting to its two Earth terminals. One terminal goes to the installation Earth CPC ( circuit protective conductor, aka Earth wire), and the other to the Earth rod (or sometimes other type of Earth connection).
Busbars for distributing protective earth (ground) Bus ducts may have all phase conductors in the same enclosure (non-isolated bus), or may have each conductor separated by a grounded barrier from the adjacent phases (segregated bus). For conducting large currents between devices, a cable bus is used. [further explanation needed]
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The neutral is connected to the center tap of the power company transformer of a split-phase system, or the center of the wye connection of a polyphase power system. United States electrical codes require that the neutral be connected to earth at the "service panel" only and at no other point within the building wiring system.