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The effect of inhaling irritant gases depends on the extent and duration of exposure and on the specific agent [22] [23] [24] Chlorine, phosgene, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and ammonia are among the most important irritant gases.
These effects are believed to be due to hydrogen sulfide combining with alkali present in moist surface tissues to form sodium sulfide, a caustic. [66] These symptoms usually subside in a few weeks. Long-term, low-level exposure may result in fatigue , loss of appetite, headaches , irritability, poor memory, and dizziness .
Many gases have toxic properties, which are often assessed using the LC 50 (median lethal concentration) measure. In the United States, many of these gases have been assigned an NFPA 704 health rating of 4 (may be fatal) or 3 (may cause serious or permanent injury), and/or exposure limits (TLV, TWA/PEL, STEL, or REL) determined by the ACGIH professional association.
Inhalation is a major route of exposure that occurs when an ... propane, hydrogen sulfide ... personal protective equipment, side effects of exposure, and ecological ...
Hydrogen sulfide is also involved in the disease process of type 1 diabetes. The beta cells of the pancreas in type 1 diabetes produce an excess of the gas, leading to the death of these cells and to a reduced production of insulin by those that remain. [5] In 2005, it was shown that mice can be put into a state of suspended animation-like ...
Smoke inhalation is also a danger of smoke that can cause serious injury and death. [24] Processing fish while being exposed to smoke. Many compounds of smoke from fires are highly toxic and/or irritating. The most dangerous is carbon monoxide leading to carbon monoxide poisoning, sometimes with the additive effects of hydrogen cyanide and ...
The AEGL values describe the expected effects of inhalation exposure to certain compounds (airborne concentrations in ppm or mg/m 3). Each AEGL is determined by different levels of a compound's toxicological effects, based on the 4 Ds: detection, discomfort, disability and death. There are three levels of AEGL-values: AEGL-1, AEGL-2 and AEGL-3. [2]
Sewer gases may include hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methane, esters, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Improper disposal of petroleum products such as gasoline and mineral spirits contribute to sewer gas hazards. Sewer gases are of concern due to their odor, health effects, and potential for creating fire or explosions.