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stat command line. stat() is a Unix system call that returns file attributes about an inode.The semantics of stat() vary between operating systems.As an example, Unix command ls uses this system call to retrieve information on files that includes:
UNC names (any path starting with \\?\) do not support slashes. [4] The following examples show MS-DOS/Windows-style paths, with backslashes used to match the most common syntax: A:\Temp\File.txt This path points to a file with the name File.txt, located in the directory Temp, which in turn is located in the root directory of the drive A:.
The text "Running" and "Stopped" refer to the process state. The last string is the command that started the process. The state of a process can be changed using various commands. The fg command brings a process to the foreground, while bg sets a stopped process running in the background.
On operating systems with a windowing system, such as macOS and desktop Linux distributions, some users may never use the shell directly. On Unix systems, the shell has historically been the implementation language of system startup scripts, including the program that starts a windowing system, configures networking, and many other essential ...
A pipeline of three programs run on a text terminal Programs can be run together such that one program reads the output from another with no need for an explicit intermediate file. command1 | command2 executes command1 , using its output as the input for command2 (commonly called piping , with the " | " character being known as the "pipe").
Change terminal characteristics System V tr: Text processing Mandatory Translate characters Version 4 AT&T UNIX true: Shell programming Mandatory Return true value Version 7 AT&T UNIX tsort: Text processing Mandatory Topological sort Version 7 AT&T UNIX tty: Misc Mandatory Return user's terminal name Version 1 AT&T UNIX type: Misc Optional (XSI)
In the thermodynamics of equilibrium, a state function, function of state, or point function for a thermodynamic system is a mathematical function relating several state variables or state quantities (that describe equilibrium states of a system) that depend only on the current equilibrium thermodynamic state of the system [1] (e.g. gas, liquid, solid, crystal, or emulsion), not the path which ...
In contrast to path functions, state functions are independent of the path taken. Thermodynamic state variables are point functions, differing from path functions. For a given state, considered as a point, there is a definite value for each state variable and state function. Infinitesimal changes in a process function X are often indicated by ...