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Child marriage is a marriage or domestic partnership, formal or informal, usually between a child and an adult, but can also be between a child and another child. [1] Although the age of majority (legal adulthood) and marriage age are typically 18 years old, these thresholds can differ in different jurisdictions. [2]
The U.S. is the only UN member state that has not yet ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child. [2] Its Committee on the Rights of the Child "reaffirms that the minimum age limit should be 18 years for marriage." [2] Within the United States, each state and territory and the federal district set the marriage age in its jurisdiction.
Marriage law is the body of legal specifications and requirements and other laws that regulate the initiation, continuation, and validity of marriages, an aspect of family law, that determine the validity of a marriage, and which vary considerably among countries in terms of what can and cannot be legally recognized by the state.
The first legally-recognized same-sex marriage occurred in Minneapolis, [3] Minnesota, in 1971. [4] On June 26, 2015, in the case of Obergefell v. Hodges, the Supreme Court overturned Baker v. Nelson and ruled that marriage is a fundamental right guaranteed to all citizens, and thus legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
It has been discovered that one in five out of the total of 3,000 Ethiopian children have been orphaned of at least one parent. There is also the possibility that the child is from a drought-stricken rural area, these communities tend to have higher poverty rates which directly increase the child marriage rates. [2]
It is estimated that nearly 50% of all married couples get divorced, and about one in five marriages experience distress at some time. [citation needed] These numbers vary between countries and over time; in e.g. Germany only 35.74% ended with a divorce, half of those involving children under the age of 18.
A dowry is the transfer of parental property to a daughter at her marriage (i.e. "inter vivos") rather than at the owner's death (mortis causa). [6] (This is a completely different definition of dowry to that given at the top of the article, which demonstrates how the term ‘dowry’ causes confusion.)