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Boric acid is a weak acid, with pK a (the pH at which buffering is strongest because the free acid and borate ion are in equal concentrations) of 9.24 in pure water at 25 °C. But apparent p K a is substantially lower in swimming pool or ocean waters because of interactions with various other molecules in solution.
Borate anions are largely in the form of the undissociated acid in aqueous solution at physiological pH. No further metabolism occurs in either animals or plants. In animals, boric acid/borate salts are essentially completely absorbed following oral ingestion. Absorption occurs via inhalation, although quantitative data are unavailable.
Borax is also easily converted to boric acid and other borates, which have many applications. Its reaction with hydrochloric acid to form boric acid is: Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·10H 2 O + 2 HCl → 4 H 3 BO 3 + 2 NaCl + 5 H 2 O. Borax is sufficiently stable to find use as a primary standard for acid-base titrimetry. [17]: p.316
Trimethyl borate is a popular borate ester used in organic synthesis. Borate esters form spontaneously when treated with diols such as sugars and the reaction with mannitol forms the basis of a titrimetric analytical method for boric acid. Metaborate esters show considerable Lewis acidity and can initiate epoxide polymerization reactions. [4]
It is one of the boron oxoacids, that is, a borate. The name is also applied to the hydrated ion [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4] 2− as present in borax. The ion occurs in boric acid solutions at neutral pH, being formed by condensation of orthoborate and tetrahydroxyborate anions: 2 B(OH) 3 + 2 [B(OH) 4] − ⇌ [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4] − 2 + 5 H 2 O
Sodium borate is a generic name for any salt of sodium with an anion consisting of boron and oxygen, and possibly hydrogen, or any hydrate thereof. It can be seen as a hydrated sodium salt of the appropriate boroxy acid , although the latter may not be a stable compound.