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  2. Non-negative least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-negative_least_squares

    Many improved algorithms have been suggested since 1974. [1] Fast NNLS (FNNLS) is an optimized version of the Lawson–Hanson algorithm. [ 2 ] Other algorithms include variants of Landweber 's gradient descent method, [ 10 ] coordinate-wise optimization based on the quadratic programming problem above [ 7 ] , and an active set method called TNT-NN.

  3. List of NP-complete problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NP-complete_problems

    Examples include biological or social networks, which contain hundreds, thousands and even billions of nodes in some cases (e.g. Facebook or LinkedIn). 1-planarity [1] 3-dimensional matching [2] [3]: SP1 Bandwidth problem [3]: GT40 Bipartite dimension [3]: GT18 Capacitated minimum spanning tree [3]: ND5

  4. NumPy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NumPy

    NumPy (pronounced / ˈ n ʌ m p aɪ / NUM-py) is a library for the Python programming language, adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. [3]

  5. Uniqueness quantification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniqueness_quantification

    In mathematics and logic, the term "uniqueness" refers to the property of being the one and only object satisfying a certain condition. [1] This sort of quantification is known as uniqueness quantification or unique existential quantification, and is often denoted with the symbols "∃!" [2] or "∃ =1". For example, the formal statement

  6. Unique games conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unique_games_conjecture

    The unique games conjecture states that for every sufficiently small pair of constants ε, δ > 0, there exists a constant k such that the following promise problem (L yes, L no) is NP-hard: L yes = {G: the value of G is at least 1 − δ} L no = {G: the value of G is at most ε} where G is a unique game whose answers come from a set of size k.

  7. Integer programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_programming

    An integer programming problem is a mathematical optimization or feasibility program in which some or all of the variables are restricted to be integers.In many settings the term refers to integer linear programming (ILP), in which the objective function and the constraints (other than the integer constraints) are linear.

  8. Golden-section search - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden-section_search

    The golden-section search is a technique for finding an extremum (minimum or maximum) of a function inside a specified interval. For a strictly unimodal function with an extremum inside the interval, it will find that extremum, while for an interval containing multiple extrema (possibly including the interval boundaries), it will converge to one of them.

  9. IT Grade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IT_Grade

    Note: in this context, IT does not mean Information Technology, but it is an Engineering term. An IT grade is an internationally accepted code system for tolerances on linear dimensions.