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Clar's rule states that for a benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (i.e. one with only hexagonal rings), the resonance structure with the largest number of disjoint aromatic π-sextets is the most important to characterize its chemical and physical properties. Such a resonance structure is called a Clar structure. In other words, a ...
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Printable version; Page information; Get shortened URL; ... English: Diagram depicting resonance structures of nitrobenzene. Date: 22 July 2011, 17:23 (UTC) Source ...
Contributing structures of the carbonate ion. In chemistry, resonance, also called mesomerism, is a way of describing bonding in certain molecules or polyatomic ions by the combination of several contributing structures (or forms, [1] also variously known as resonance structures or canonical structures) into a resonance hybrid (or hybrid structure) in valence bond theory.
Print/export Download as PDF ... move to sidebar hide. Resonance structures of benzene 1,2,3 -Cyclohexatriene ... theoretical resonance isomers of benzene;
In 1899 this led to the prediction of the resonance that existed in benzene, and he proposed a resonance structure, by using a broken circle to represent the partial bonds. [7] [8] Later this problem was completely solved with the advent of quantum theory. In 1899, Thiele was head of Organic Chemistry at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in ...
Hückel's rule can also be applied to molecules containing other atoms such as nitrogen or oxygen. For example pyridine (C 5 H 5 N) has a ring structure similar to benzene, except that one -CH- group is replaced by a nitrogen atom with no hydrogen. There are still six π electrons and the pyridine molecule is also aromatic and known for its ...
Two hydrogen atoms bonded to one carbon lie in a plane perpendicular to the benzene ring. [4] The arenium ion is no longer an aromatic species; however it is relatively stable due to delocalization: the positive charge is delocalized over 3 carbon atoms by the pi system , as depicted on the following resonance structures :