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[27] [28] This use of gluten is a popular means of adding supplemental protein to many vegetarian diets. In home or restaurant cooking, wheat gluten is prepared from flour by kneading the flour under water, agglomerating the gluten into an elastic network known as a dough, and then washing out the starch. [5]
Wheat gluten flour. Gluten is the seed storage protein in mature wheat seeds (and in the seeds of closely related species). It is the sticky substance in bread wheat which allows dough to rise and retain its shape during baking. The same, or very similar, proteins are also found in related grasses within the tribe Triticeae.
A dough conditioner, flour treatment agent, improving agent or bread improver is any ingredient or chemical added to bread dough to strengthen its texture or otherwise improve it in some way. Dough conditioners may include enzymes , yeast nutrients, mineral salts, oxidants and reductants , bleaching agents and emulsifiers . [ 1 ]
Made from durum wheat, semolina flour has a high protein content (close to that of bread flour at 13 percent). The gluten helps dough get stretched thin without breaking or shrinking back—a ...
To aid gluten production, many recipes use bread flour, which is higher in protein than all-purpose flour.) The kneading process warms and stretches these gluten strands, eventually creating a springy and elastic dough. If bread dough does not develop these gluten strands, it will not be able to hold the tiny pockets of gas (carbon dioxide ...
According to the Wheat Foods Council, bread flour typically has a protein content of 12 to 14 percent. ... The protein in the flour, coupled with the gluten and the yeast, provides structure on ...
The gluten is developed in the mixing or kneading process, and it may then be processed through further work and rest cycles before being proofed then baked. The sum of the sponge and final dough's ingredients represents the total formula. [3] [7] [note 3] A generic 65% pre-fermented flour sponge-and-dough formula using bakers' percentages follows:
Bread flour that’s high in protein (12 to 14 percent) is great for recipes that need sturdy dough and texture, plus lots of gluten production. The protein in bread flour also helps it absorb ...