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Tours (10–13 June 1940), the city served as the temporary capital of France during World War II after the government fled Paris due to the German advance. Bordeaux (June 1940), the government was relocated from Paris to Tours then Bordeaux very briefly during World War II, when it became apparent that Paris would soon fall into German hands.
France, State of: France: 1940 1944 capital of Vichy France régime, defeated by Allies Aachen: Carolingian Empire: Germany: 800 814 became capital of Charlemagne as Imperator Augustus and Emperor of the Carolingian Empire: Karlsruhe: Baden, Grand Duchy of: Germany: 1771 1918 Baden became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty ...
Vichy France in 1940–1942 was recognised by most Axis and neutral powers, as well as the United States and the Soviet Union. During the war, Vichy France conducted military actions against armed incursions from Axis and Allied belligerents and was an example of armed neutrality.
Axis occupation of France: German occupation of France during World War II - 1940–1944 in the northern zones, and 1942–1944 in the southern zone. The Holocaust in France. Italian occupation of France during World War II - limited to border areas 1940–1942, almost all Rhône left-bank territory 1942-1943.
Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands (to 15 May 1940, from 5 May 1945) Capital: Amsterdam: Widely recognized independent state. LON member state to 20 April 1946. UN member state from 10 December 1945. Under occupation by Germany from 10 May 1940 to 5 May 1945 , also had a government in exile from 15 May 1940 to 5 May 1945.
10 May – Battle of France begins. German forces invade Low Countries. 13 May – German armies open 60-mile wide breach in Maginot Line at Sedan. 18 May – Marshal Philippe Pétain named vice-premier of France. 19 May – General Maxime Weygand replaces Maurice Gamelin as commander-in-chief of all French forces.
The French Third Republic (French: Troisième République, sometimes written as La III e République) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government.
Free France (French: France libre) was a political entity claiming to be the legitimate government of France following the dissolution of the Third Republic during World War II. Led by General Charles de Gaulle, Free France was established as a government-in-exile in London in June 1940 after the Fall of France to Nazi Germany.