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Sterling-denominated treasury notes continued to circulate after 1836, along with the rupee. The legal currency remained British silver and accounts were kept in pounds, shillings and pence. However, payments were made in rupees and annas at the "fictitious par" (fixed accounting rate) of two shillings per rupee (i.e. £1 = Rs. 10/-).
1981-2018: "Table 139 : Exchange Rate of the Indian Rupee vis-à-vis the Sdr, US Dollar, Pound Sterling, D.m./Euro and Japanese Yen (Calendar Year - Annual Average)". Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy (2019). Reserve Bank of India. 2019-09-15. Archived from the original on 2019-11-10
This is a list of tables showing the historical timeline of the exchange rate for the Indian rupee (INR) against the special drawing rights unit (SDR), United States dollar (USD), pound sterling (GBP), Deutsche mark (DM), euro (EUR) and Japanese yen (JPY). The rupee was worth one shilling and sixpence in sterling in 1947.
A "pound sterling" was literally a tower pound (weight) of sterling silver. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] In the British pre-decimal ( duodecimal ) currency system, the term £sd (or Lsd) for pounds, shillings and pence referred to the Roman libra , solidus , and denarius .
The original silver rupee, .917 fine silver, 11.66 grams (179.9 grains; 0.375 troy ounces), [citation needed] was divided into 16 annas, 64 paise, or 192 pies. Each circulating coin of British India , until the rupee was decimalised, had a different name in practice.
At the time of independence (in 1947), India's currency was pegged to pound sterling, and the exchange rate was a shilling and six pence for a rupee — which worked out to ₹13.33 to the pound. [23] The dollar-pound exchange rate then was $4.03 to the pound, which in effect gave a rupee-dollar rate in 1947 of around ₹3.30.
The 1939 rupee is the most expensive rupee, as after 1939 all silver coins effectively became less pure, due to the shortage of silver during World War II. The 1947 rupee, half rupee, quarter rupee and anna coins are also of special interest to collectors, since that was the last year British issued coins were circulated in India.
The first major impact on the rupee's exchange rate after independence was the devaluation of the pound sterling against the US dollar in 1949, which impacted currencies that maintained a peg to the sterling, which included the Indian rupee. [95]